mitcho.com » Bailey

桜

mitcho — Fri, 10 Apr 2009 13:11:58 +0000

桜 (sakura) is Japanese for cherry blossom, an important symbol of spring time in Japan and, with it, a symbol of renewal. The cherry blossom is a beautiful fluffy and light flower which falls quickly off the tree with wind and rain, making it also an important representation of 物の哀れ (mono no aware).

Last weekend my family (including my aunt Mikako and Bailey) took a short trip to Yugawara (湯河原) at the base of the Izu peninsula. Last weekend was possibly the peak of the cherry blossoms this year, making it a very picturesque trip. It’s quite rare for the four of us to all be in the same place at the same time, so these photos are definite keepers:

One of my personal highlights was going down a slide at Azumayama Park in Ninomiya right through a grove of cherry trees in full bloom—it was so beautiful that I had to go back down it again and take a video! Unfortunately the Flash video encoding (or my camera) doesn’t do it justice, but I hope you can fill in the gaps with your imagination.

Cherry blossom slide - 桜のすべりだい（二宮吾妻山公園） from mitcho on Vimeo.

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Weekend in Osaka

mitcho — Thu, 11 Dec 2008 14:22:48 +0000

A few weekends ago, I went out west to visit Bailey. While I normally visit her in Kyoto, it was a three-day weekend, and we decided to explore another city near her: Osaka (大阪). If Kyoto is the historical capitol, Tokyo is the modern and imperial capitol, Osaka has traditionally been the merchant capitol of Japan. It’s known for its food, comedy, and business.

My trip began with the three-hour bullet train (新幹線 shinkansen) ride out to Osaka. I hadn’t purchased a ticket in advance, so that meant standing in a non-reserved seating car for most of the way there, the sole consolation being the great view of Mt. Fuji. Lesson learned: buy reserved tickets for holiday weekends.

大阪城

Our first stop was the Osaka castle (大阪城 ōsaka jyō). Located at the center of the city, the castle is surrounded by a moat and a pretty big park. Many of the paths are lined with cherry trees, making it a popular cherry blossom viewing venue in the spring.

The castle seen today is actually not the original but the end product of the history of its complicated history. Toyotomi Hideyoshi (豊臣秀吉) built the castle began its construction in 1583 but were stripped of its outer baileys at the end of the Toyotomi era in 1615. Since then many have tried to rebuild parts of it while it endured lightning strikes, Meiji restoration civil unrest, and World War II bombings.

Here Bailey reconnected with her inner Bailey:

道頓堀 and 文楽

We continued on to Dōtonbori (道頓堀), the flashy and touristy part of the town. Particularly famous is the crab restaurant with the huge mechanized crab sign. The main strip runs parallel to a boardwalk which offered a comfortable contrast to all the shops.

We also had たいやき (taiyaki), the fish-shaped cake with red bean paste inside. No fish were harmed in the making of our taiyaki.

Afterwards we met up with Bailey’s classmates and professor from her nō (能) and kyōgen (狂言) course to see a bunraku (文楽) performance. Buraku is a Japanese puppet theater tradition which originally began as street performances in Osaka and registered as a UNESCO Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Bunraku today is only performed regularly in Osaka and, compared to other traditional theaters such as nō or kabuki, has an uncertain future for its continued performance and teaching.

A bunraku performance consists of key scenes from a few different famous stories (or, stories that were famous 300 years ago), like a review show. The puppeteers are accompanied by the storytellers who have a distinct style of sing-speaking, much like in opera. The language they use is an older style of Japanese (think Shakespearean English, say), so the theater has supertitles. These storytellers are in turn accompanied by a handful of musicians.

Each puppet is controlled by often four different people, with only the lead puppeteer’s (who controls the head and right hand) face visible. You can obviously see all the puppeteers, but if you ignore all the people dressed in black and just look at one of the dolls, they really do move like people and express human emotions. It’s riveting. Unfortunately we weren’t able to take any pictures.

We love Ikeda and Momofuku Ando

The next morning we went up to Ikeda, a northern suburb in Osaka prefecture, in search of Momofuku.

Earlier this year Elvis Costello released the album Momofuku with The Imposters. The album features Rilo Kiley frontwoman Jenny Lewis. But this is not the Momofuku we were looking for.

We went to Ikeda for the Momofuku Ando Instant Ramen Museum. Andō Momofuku (安藤百福) was of course the inventor of instant ramen and cup ramen and founder of Nissin foods.

The museum is a beautifully designed building full of cute ramen-related displays and, on that day, dozens of elementary school groups. The display first takes you through the history of instant ramen—its discovery, marketing, evolution, and ultimate world (and space) domination. Have you ever wondered why the ramen in cup ramen cups are floating towards the top? Or why he decided to seal the packages with an aluminum foil top? Well, if you went to the museum, you would know these answers.

There was also a huge “Instant Ramen Tunnel”: a genealogical timeline of all the Nissin product lines, beginning with the original 1958 package.

The museum was also filled with the adorable instant ramen chicken character. We found a huge one on the second floor.

The highlight, however, might have been Mister Ando himself. Just look at him:

Frankly, that looks way more like an album cover than the actual Elvis Costello Momofuku album art.¹

勝尾寺

We took a train and then an expensive taxi up to Katsuō-ji (勝尾寺), a beautiful temple up on a mountain. The leaves were turning so it was the perfect time of the year to go.

Walking up the mountain, we started finding a bunch of daruma dolls—little dolls based on Bodhidharma, a prince-turned-monk important in the early history of Zen Buddhism. Legend has it that Daruma went into a dark cave to mediate for nine years and his eyes fell off. Even now in Japan, you buy daruma dolls with blank eyes, filling in one eye when you make a wish and filling in the other once the wish has come true.

It turns out the daruma dolls are a kind of symbol of the temple. Most temples have omikuji (おみくじ) fortunes that you draw and if you like the fortune² you can tie it to a string or tree in the temple. This temple sells omikuji that come in little daruma dolls, so many people will take their daruma and leave it someplace in the temple grounds for good luck.

The temple also had something else bizarre. A little background: there’s a famous pilgrimage route of 88 Buddhist temples on Shikoku island in western Japan. Well, why would you bother taking time to visit all those temples when someone can bring some of the ground from each of those temples into a central location!? This is what they did at Katsuō-ji… neither Bailey nor I are Buddhism experts, but we agreed it’s bizarre, to say the least.

Overall, though, Katsuō-ji and the mountains were beautiful. We had a great weekend.

Bailey’s take: “He’s a G.” I still have no idea what that means. ↩
or if you don’t like the fortune… I’ve heard both advice. ↩

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回収 vs. 収集 and Better Word Meanings Through Usage

mitcho — Thu, 18 Sep 2008 14:50:27 +0000

Bailey just asked me what the difference between 回収 (kaishū) and 収集(shūshū) is—two words that would both map to the English verb “collect.” I intuitively came up with a hypothesis to explain the distinction:

回収 may take things away from others when collecting while 収集 does not have that implication.
Things that you 回収 may have been previously distributed by the actor themself while 収集 does not have that implication.¹

Not content with armchair theorizing, however, I decided to take advantage of one of the largest corpora in the world: Google.² To test my hypothesis, I chose two “objects of collection”, one you can take away (and often is distributed first) and one you can’t take away: アンケート (ankēto “survey,” from the French enquête) and 意見 (iken “opinion”). I then took the four resulting collocations³ on Google in quotes (“•”) and recorded how many hits there were.

“意見を収集”	“意見を回収”	“アンケートを収集”	“アンケートを回収”
218000	6200	784	169000

A better way to organize this data is as follows:

“↓を→”	回収	収集
アンケート	16900	784
意見	6200	218000

This data clearly supports the hypothesis I laid out above: アンケート, which can be taken away from people and is often distributed first, occurs much more likely with 回収 than 収集. 意見, on the other hand, which crucially cannot be taken away when collected, occurs much more likely with 収集 than 回収.

While this one example doesn’t prove anything in and of itself, it does help clarify with data a nuance between two near synonyms. While my hypothesis was borne out here, native speaker intuitions on word nuances and distinctions can be unreliable.⁴ This type of quick test can be very helpful for language learners and instructors alike.

Languages very often have words which vary in very subtle ways. Just this Tuesday I went to a Tokyo Language Exchange Meetup, a great meetup which brought together various language learners and enthusiasts. A hot topic that night was words with very similar meanings—near synonyms. A few English learners were lamenting sets of words like {see, view, watch} and how difficult they are to learn. I myself have had the same experience studying Mandarin.

I noted that these difficulties in offering contrasting definitions often are due to the fact that word meanings are not just “what the word points to” but also the implication of “what it relates to”.⁵ For example, “unborn baby” and “fetus” may point to the same thing, but are used in different contexts, in contrast to different other terms, for differing effect. Similarly “Death Tax” and “Estate Tax.” “Kneel” and “genuflect.”⁶

The concept of word meanings being “what it points to” and “what it relates to” also helps explain why certain words are difficult to translate. Fillmore uses the Japanese example of ぬるい (nurui) which is the de facto translation of “lukewarm.” However, some Japanese speakers will only use ぬるい in contrast with “hot,” i.e., hot tea can become ぬるい over time but ice water does not become ぬるい. In contrast, English “lukewarm” can be used to describe things that are initially or prototypically hot or cold. “What the words point to” in this case is the same but “what it relates to” or, here, “what it contrasts with” is different, making it an imperfect (though very close) translation.

Every language has near synonyms which vary slightly in nuance but this nuance or “feeling” is borne out objectively in data. Looking at what words certain terms relate to in real usage is often the key to getting a richer understanding of vocabulary.

This second point could also be hypothesized based on the component meaning of 回, which in the verb 回る (mawa=ru) can mean “circle back.” ↩
Google is of course a huge corpus but it has very limited search and can easily be misused and misunderstood, thus making Google an unreliable (unprofessional) source for statistical data. One Google alternative for some different statistics is the n-gram data they offer for research. ↩
”Collocation” on Wikipedia says: “Within the area of corpus linguistics, collocation is defined as a sequence of words or terms which co-occur more often than would be expected by chance.” ↩
Hm… I just made a claim… looking for a citation. ↩
“Relates to” here is not meant in an etymological sense. In frame semantics, a part of cognitive linguistics, the “what the word points to” may be called a profile while the “what it relates to” is called the (semantic) frame. These distinctions are due to the work of Fillmore 1976. ↩
The great examples in this section come from Bill Croft and D. Alan Cruse’s Cognitive Linguistics, 2004 ↩

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Bailey won the Japanese Language Speech Contest

mitcho — Sun, 30 Mar 2008 06:45:30 +0000

Bailey just won the Grand Prize at the 22nd Annual Japanese Language Speech Contest in Chicago. I think she’s still in shock and disbelief. The prize involves a round trip ticket to Japan.

She never let me see or listen to the speech, though—now I’m curious.

I’m very proud of her. ^^

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ラーメンズ：日本の形

mitcho — Fri, 01 Feb 2008 11:28:40 +0000

Bailey just pointed me to a hilarious series of videos apparently introducing Japanese culture to foreigners, produced by the Japanese comedians Rahmens. Rahmens are incidentally the ones who play Mac and PC in the Japanese versions of the Apple ads.

Here’s one to get you started:

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Bailey’s in the Tribune!

mitcho — Fri, 18 Jan 2008 17:30:05 +0000

Kuviasungnerk/Kangeiko just put Bailey on the front page of chicagotribune.com! ^^ You kind of have to see a different page to know who it is, though.¹ Heh.

I recently got Daring Fireball‘ed too,² so that almost makes us a celebrity couple.

I personally like the caption right above. That’s the same story, right?

“Good thing I have nice eyebrows, ‘cause that’s all you can see.” ↩
This article: Great News! You can opt-out from Omniture’s 192.168.112.2o7.net: ↩

Great news! You can opt-out from Omniture’s 192.168.112.2o7.net

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The Nerd Handbook

mitcho — Mon, 12 Nov 2007 04:54:21 +0000

From Rands in Repose’s Nerd Handbook, probably a good guide for Bailey (though I don’t quite fit the target completely):

But in nerds’ bit-based work, progress is measured mentally and invisibly in code, algorithms, efficiency, and small mental victories that don’t exist in a world of atoms.

I feel this phenomenon exists in formal linguistics as well, where the elegance of an analysis may be measured in theory-internal terms. It’s hard to get other people excited when they don’t share that same background, precisely as there is no physical manifestation of an analysis. At least Bailey’s good about listening, trying to understand, and being happy for me. ^^

(via Daring Fireball)

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Pinker wins, this time

mitcho — Sat, 15 Sep 2007 01:48:12 +0000

An email from Bailey:

I heard Steven Pinker on NPR! Remind me to tell you about it (unless my excitement is not mutual). I wanted to call in and say “thanks so much for making linguistics accessible and interesting to us laypeople, I love the work that you do; my boyfriend recently received his Master’s in linguistics, but the stuff he works on is syntax in Mandarin Chinese, and it’s completely impenetrable.” But I didn’t. <3

Alas, this is the life I live.

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